Menopause is a natural transition that all women experience as they age. It marks the end of a woman's reproductive years and is diagnosed after 12 months of absent menstrual periods. The years leading up to menopause are called perimenopause. During this transition time, hormone levels fluctuate causing various symptoms.
The average age for menopause is 51, but it can occur from the 40s to mid 50s. The age varies widely between women. Menopause before age 45 is considered early menopause.
What Happens During Menopause
- Hormone levels of estrogen and progesterone decline
- Menstrual periods become less frequent and eventually stop
- Symptoms like hot flashes, trouble sleeping, and mood changes often occur
The drop in estrogen during menopause causes changes throughout the body:
- Vaginal walls become thinner and drier leading to irritation
- Bones lose density faster, increasing risk of osteoporosis
- Heart disease risk rises as "good cholesterol" decreases
- Body fat redistributes and settles around the abdomen
Managing Menopause Symptoms
Lifestyle measures can help ease uncomfortable symptoms:
- Stay cool - dress in layers and keep the thermostat low
- Reduce stress through yoga, meditation, or counseling
- Quit smoking - cigarettes can exacerbate hot flashes
- Choose healthy fats like olive oil and nuts to protect the heart
- Weight-bearing exercise to strengthen bones
There are also medical options that your doctor may recommend:
- Low-dose antidepressants for hot flashes
- Vaginal estrogen creams to ease dryness
- Hormone therapy to relieve severe symptoms
- Osteoporosis medication if at high fracture risk
The menopause transition can be challenging. But there are many effective ways to handle symptoms and reduce long-term health risks. Talk to your doctor at Revival Medical Clinic and take charge of this new phase of womanhood.